English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Address for correspondence: Massimo Bonucci, MD. Department of Integrative Oncology, Nuova Villa Claudia Hospital, ARTOI President, Rome, Italy Phone: +39 0661520277 E-mail: maxbonucci@tim.it Submitted Date: May 01, 2020 Accepted Date: May 13, 2020 Available Online Date: July 16, 2020 ©Copyright 2020 by Eurasian Journal of Medicine and Oncology Available online at www.ejmo.org OPEN ACCESS This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Viral COVID19 infection is causing problems as it is not yet clear how the virus-positive patients can be treated.[1] To date, there are still no recognized standard therapies; therefore, health facilities, even from different countries, are using what they are their knowledge to treat their positive patients to get the best results. As for the virus, we know very well that this microorganism creates a series of damages that are related precisely to the presence of the virus inside the cell; in particular, the damages that come out are given both by the loss of transport activity of red blood cells and by what is our body's response to the presence of the cell infected with the virus (inflammation and cytokine storm).[2, 3] We know very well that the virus enters into the cells via cellular receptors. The presence of receptors allows the virus to enter into the cells then it starts to show the consequences of its presence. These infected cells activate an inflammatory response by our body, which is necessary enough to lead a multitude of inflammatory elements around the infected cells. At the same time, therefore, we have a series of immune system cells (neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and lymphocytes) that trigger the release of cytokines, edema in the surrounding area, and a cascade of enzymes with thrombus formation. [2] The damage caused by thrombosis is mainly due to the small vessels. By now it has been seen that this mechanism does not occur only at the level of the lungs, which represent the primary site of infection, but also at the level of other organs such as the heart, kidneys, muscles (also found at the level of the retina and brain).[4] In Italy, there are currently numerous therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing the abnormal response to the presence of the virus (therapies that are not currently supported by clinical studies and trials, but based on the experience of medical colleagues to combat the damage caused directly by the virus). One of the therapeutic protocols based on serotherapy seems to begin to give positive results, like using plasma by convalescent patients who have contracted Covid-19 infection and have recovered. The transfusion of convalescent plasma, rich in antibodies against the virus, into infected patients seems to give a reduction, if not a complete remittance, of the symptoms even in a short time. This treatment, based on the introduction, through a plasma, of antibodies developed against the virus, is an anticipation of what the vaccine will do, which in simple terms is a concentrate of antibodies against the virus.[1, 4] Several Italian hospitals are currently using this protocol. But at the same time a Chinese study showed that the use of convalescent plasma cannot reduce the mortality in critically end stage COVID-19[5] (probably the best time to give the convalesMassimo Bonucci

COVID-19 Outbreak: How to Use Current Knowledge to better Treat Positive Patients