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| Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, the cause of granulomatous enteritis in ruminants, has also been associated with Inflammatory Bowel disease or Crohn’s disease in human population. Present study aimed to investigate bio-presence of MAP in suspected and confirmed cases of Type 1 Diabetes in clinical samples (blood and serum) of human beings from Chattarpur district of Madhya Pradesh. Screening of 88 serum samples for the presence of MAP using ‘Indigenous ELISA’, 34 (38.6%) were positive for MAP infection. Whereas of the 71 blood samples screened, 28 (39.4%) were positive in IS900 PCR. Screening of 19 serum and 16 blood samples from 20 confirmed patients of ‘Type 1 diabetes’, 31.5 and 43.7% were positive by ‘Indigenous ELISA’ and IS900 PCR, respectively. Comparison of Indigenous ELISA and IS900 PCR revealed fair agreement between the two tests. Bio-typing of DNA of 8 positive blood samples by IS1311 PCR-RE revealed presence of ‘Indian Bison type’ biotype. Presence of MAP bacterimia in the patients suffering from Type 1 Diabetes added to the existing knowledge that MAP may provide foundation for establishing diabetes in human subjects. This is the first report of presence of MAP in human Type 1 Diabetes patients from India. ‘Indian Bison Type’ biotype in domestic livestock suggests a link and interspecies transmission through food chain.

Screening of Human Population for Type 1 Diabetes and Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis from Chattarpur District of Madhya Pradesh