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In this paper, the sample source, sampling location and significance of aging brain tissue were introduced, and the degeneration of neurons and glial cells in aging brain were reviewed. Aging brain degeneration of neuronal cell body embodies a concentrated reflection in the organelles and the nucleus, chromatin and cytoskeleton of morphological structure changes, such as mitochondria swelling disappeared, ridge and film, a cavity sample, rough endoplasmic reticulum and degranulation, reduced Numbers of microfilament, microtubule dissolved, chromatin solidification, nuclear membrane shrinkage, etc. Cytoplasmic processes is connected with the cell body, very close. The pathological changes of cell body can also be seen in the dendrites and axons and synapses. Neurons in the degradation also possess a certain ability of plasticity, but the ability decreased along with the progress of brain aging. Glial cells in brain aging and compensatory hyperplasia mainly appear at the time of the compensatory hyperplasia, and two forms of degenerative changes. How to enhance the capacity of compensatory of glial cells to repair, and how to promote dendritic spines and synaptic development, improve the plasticity of neurons, become the focus in the slow brain aging.

脑衰老神经组织超微病理研究概况