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Article Info History Received: 20 Nov 2019 Accepted: 8 Jul 2020 Available: 31 Aug 2020 Abstract Background: The plethora of secondary metabolites inherent in plants that could be synthesized and formulated into useful drugs for the treatment of diseases is not fully understood. Objectives: This research was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial potential of the leaves of Aspillia africana and Psidium guajava plants on some selected bacterial and fungal isolates. Methods: Fresh and matured leaves of Aspillia africana and Psidium guajava were collected at the Federal College of Agriculture, Akure and the Botanical Garden, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The plants were identified and voucher specimen deposited at IFE Herbarium. The pure isolates of the bacteria and fungi were obtained from Medical Microbiology unit, Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The bacteria isolates were maintained on nutrient agar and the fungal isolates on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Extraction of the plant materials using methanol, ethanol and aqueous fractions were carried out using standard protocols. The isolates were inoculated on a nutrient broth. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extracts was determined by broth dilution method while minimal bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations respectively were determined following established protocols. Results and conclusion: The results showed that Bacillus cereus, Cornybacterium pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli showed higher degree of resistance to the plant extracts. The fungal isolates; Candida albicans, Tryptophyton rubrum, Penicillium expansium, and Aspergillus flavus were resistant to Psidium guajava extract as no significant biological activity was observed. All the extracts from the plants produced considerable antimicrobial activities with Streptococcus faecalis and Staphyloccocus. aureus. whereas, these organisms were resistant to ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, chloramphenicol, augmentin, ciprofloxacin and septrin. This study concludes that ethanolic extracts (100mg/ml) of the leaf of Aspillia africana is more potent than the methanolic and aqueous extracts of Psidium guajava. This study demonstrated that the therapeutic properties of Aspillia africana and Psidium guajava are better enhanced with their synergistic potential to the tested microorganisms.

journal of biomedicine and translational research

Synergistic Potential of the Leaves of Aspillia africana (Compositae) and Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) Against Some Selected Bacterial and Fungal Isolates