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The objective of the study is to find out the effects of toddler`s temperament and mother`s parenting behavior on the development of vocabulary ability. The study was conducted with 299 infants between the ages of 18 and 24 months and their mothers in 47 day care centers in I city, Jeollabukdo. The results of the study are as follows. First, according to the correlation between infant`s temperament and vocabulary based on the composition of temperament, approach-avoidance, adaptability, and mood showed a negative correlation with receptive and expressive vocabulary, and response intensity showed a positive correlation with receptive vocabulary. Second, according to the relation between mother`s parenting behavior and infant`s vocabulary ability based on the sub-factors of mother`s parenting behavior, instructional parenting behavior and setting-limits parenting behavior showed a positive correlation with receptive and expressive vocabulary. Third, according to the effects of infant`s temperament and mother`s parenting behavior on the development of infant`s vocabulary ability, as for the understanding of vocabulary, the explanation power of approach-avoidance is the highest, followed by instructional parenting behavior, response intensity, and mood. As for expressive vocabulary, the explanation power of instructional parenting behavior is the highest, followed by mood, response intensity and activity. In the development of infant`s vocabulary ability, it was found that receptive vocabulary was affected the most by approach-avoidance, and expressive vocabulary was affected the most by instructional parenting behavior. Mothers will have to have interrelation skills suitable for temperament for the development of infant`s receptive vocabulary, and have parenting behavior expressing the traits of things and events for the development of expressive vocabulary.

A Study of the Effects of Toddler's Temperament and Mother's Parenting Behavior on the Development of Vocabulary Ability