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Even if the most detailed studies about mass psychology were written in the Cold War periods having erupted during and after II. World War, the first study still belongs to Thucydides. Being a contemporary of Herodotus, our historian established the historiography, which will be identified with Ranke in the future. He disrupts the writing form, which was built upon documents, objective and cleared completely of myth in his eight books of work only for two narrations. One of these is the great plague of Athens; the other is the civil war in Corfu. Thucydides makes some remarks about the human nature and its effect on mass movements in terms of these two incidents. The main theme of these remarks is that: Human beings act by personal interests, power and their instincts to survive. Preferring not coming to light in peacetime, these passions suddenly come alive in times of war and lead to horrible results. Thucydides clearly warns us that these instincts are in the nature of human and will rise to the surface unavoidably in the future. These warnings were extremely ignored in the centuries that he lived. Thucydides’ s idea would be memorialized by Thomas Hobbes and John Adams centuries after his death, both of whom have similar ideas to his. The difference of these two philosophers from Thucydides is that they would find solutions to the existing problem. Ozet Kitle Psikolojisi konusunda en ayrintili calismalar II. Dunya Savasi ve sonrasinda patlak veren Soguk Savas donemlerinde yazilsa da elimizdeki ilk calisma Thukydides'e aittir. Herodotos'un cagdasi tarihcimiz, gelecekte Ranke ile ozdeslestirilecek bir tarihyazimi kurar. Belgeye dayali, nesnel, mitlerden tamamen arindirilmis yazim seklini sekiz kitaplik eserinde sadece iki anlatida bozar. Bunlardan biri Atina'daki vebâ salgini, digeri ise Korfu'daki ic savastir. Thukydides bu iki olay uzerinden insan dogasi ve onun kitle hareketlerine etkisi hakkinda bir takim degerlendirmeler yapar. Bu degerlendirmelerin ana temasi sudur: Insanlar kisisel cikar, guc ve hayatta kalma guduleri ile hareket ederler. Baris zamanlarinda gun yuzune cikmayan bu tutkular, savasta birden canlanir ve korkunc sonuclara sebep olurlar. Thukydides bizi bu gudulerin insanlarin dogalarinda bulundugu icin gelecekte kacinilmaz olarak ortaya cikacaklari konusunda net bir sekilde uyarir. Bu uyarilar yasadigi yuzyillarda fazla ciddiye alinmaz. Thukydides'in fikirleri olumunden yuzyillar sonra, benzer dusuncelere sahip olan Thomas Hobbes ve John Adams tarafindan anilacaktir. Bu iki dusunurun Thukydides'ten farki, var olan probleme cozum uretmeleri olacaktir.

uluslararası i̇nsan bilimleri dergisi

Mass psychology according to Thucydides and its reflection on his narration of Corfu War&lt;p&gt;Thukydides'e göre kitlelerin psikolojisi ve bunun Korfu Savaşı anlatısına yansıması