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The aim of this study was to characterize the morphology and physicochemical properties of drug-chitosan spray dried particles (SDPs) which have been wildly used as drug carriers. The SDP systems were composed of chitosan (CS) loaded with diclofenac sodium (DS) or theophylline anhydrous (TH) as model drugs. In the SDPs preparation process, the model drug was dissolved in distilled water and then dropped into a solution of CS dissolved in 0.5 % acetic acid. The drug-CS suspension was spray dried then the products were collected and characterized. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size analysis demonstrated that DS-CS SDPs were irregular in shape with sizes between 3.28 - 6.72 µm. On the other hand, TH-CS SDP were spherical and the size of TH-CS microspheres were between 3.64 - 4.28 µm. SEM images also showed that TH was completely encapsulated by CS at a ratio of over 1:8. From simultaneous DSC-XRD analysis, it was found that crystallinity of the drugs decreased when increasing the temperature. TH was altered from the crystalline to amorphous state when CS portion was greater. Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicates that some DS (salt form) changed to acid form after the spray drying process. Proper portions of CS delayed the release of DS and TH.

Simultaneous X-ray Diffraction-Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Physicochemical Characterizations of Spray Dried Drugs and Chitosan Microspheres