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This research work focuses on the effect of temperature as a function of current toward the mechanical properties of a welded joint of A36 carbon steel using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). With the melting point of A36 steel at about 14261470C, the range of the welding current was chosen from 70A -120A to give a varying amount of heat input. The hardness, impact and microstructure test were conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the welded joint. Increasing the current from 70A 120A caused a corresponding increase in the temperature of the welded joint which affected the microstructure of the weld. The weld microstructure was controlled mainly by the cooling cycle. At 70A (i.e. with low level of current) the time for solidification was less. The rapid cooling promotes smaller grains. At 120A, the time required for solidification increases and therefore cooling rate slows down which yielded coarse grains. At 120A the grain size was most coarse with a hardness and toughness value of 60BHN and 11 Joules respectively indicating reduced strength and hardness.

Effect of Arc Welding Current on the Mechanical Properties of A36 Carbon Steel Weld Joints