Molecular Markers in Differential Diagnostics of Follicular Neoplasms of the Thyroid

Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a basic method of morphological diagnostics at the preoperative examination, although it has some limitations. In 10-30 % of the cases, cytological examination results defined as indefinite or suspicious to malignant nodules, including follicular neoplasm, as according to the results of a cytological examination it does not appear to be possible to make the difference between follicular attendance the molecular markers adenomas and follicular cancer. Molecular medicine progress let us put an additional examination in a cytological, or surgical aspirates with the molecular markers. The most effective molecular markers in the clinical practice are thyroid peroxidases (TPO), telomerase and galectin-3. The application FNAB with the following immunocytochemistry examination in the thyroid tissue let us improve a differential diagnostics between benign and malignant nodules of the thyroid.