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Streptococcus mutans are frequently isolated from the dental biofilm and from lesions of caries. They are found in almost all individuals with high, medium, and even low caries experience. However, the simple detection of such microorganisms doesn’t justify dental caries development. The existence of high genotypic diversity in S. mutans species may result in the colonization of the oral cavity by strains with different virulence characteristics. The aims of this study were to evaluate the frequency of serotypes c, e and f and to detect genes encoding mutacin types I, II, III and IV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a total of 200 S. mutans genotypes isolated from preschool children with and without dental caries. The serotype c was the most frequent (80%). The mixed infection (c and f) was observed in 20% of the preschools with caries. All tested S. mutans isolates were negative for mutacins I and III. In the caries-free group, 60% of the isolates were positive for mutacin II and 40% for mutacin IV. On the other hand, 80% and 70% of the preschool children with caries showed positive genotypes for the mutacins II and IV, respectively. A positive correlation (r = 0.69) between serotypes and mutacins II/IV was observed in the preschool children with dental caries These results suggest that multiples serotypes and presence of genes encoding mutacin II/IV are related to the S.mutans cariogenicity.

Análise do sorotipo e dos genes para mutacinas em streptococcus mutans isolados de pré-escolares com diferentes experiências de cárie