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Dental biofilm is the major etiologic factor of periodontal disease while dental calculus act as a factor which enhance biofilm formation and retention. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, in vitro, through scanning electron microscopy the presence of both residual calculus and cementum in dental surface after scaling and root planning (SRP) with variable levels of power and movements. Twelve unirradicular teeth presenting radicular calculus and 12 Gracey 5-6 curetts (Hu-Friedy) were adapted in a Controled Traction Device (DTC) that simulates SRP procedures. The DTC apparatus allowed to control the power (3, 8 and 13N) and the number of movements (five, ten, 15 and twenty) during SRP. Mean values of the variable power were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Student t tests (p < 0.05). The number of movements was compared among groups by Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05). The results showed that the increase of power applied decreased the presence of cementum and residual calculus (3/8N: p = 0.0001; 8/13N: p = 0.0021), however, 15 and twenty movements showed only a border line difference (p = 0.0679). This number of movements removed more calculus and cementum than five and ten movements (p=0.0001). It was concluded that higher power applied removed more radicular calculus and cementum. However, more than 15 movements did not show any beneficial related to additional calculus and cementum removal.

Avaliação da superfície dental após procedimentos de raspagem e aplainamento radicular: estudo in vitro