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Background  Data  regarding inflammatory factors  in  children are not  so  well developed  as  in adults. Higher levels  of  physical fitness may be helpful in modifying the low-grade inflammatory state  that is  indexed  by  C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Objective  To  evaluate the association  of  physical fitness with  CRP levels in children  and  to identify the possible related factors. Methods  This  cross-sectional study was  conducted  at  poor elementary schools in Surakarta, Indonesia using a group  of  217 underweight children aged from 7 to 9 years old. Physical fitness was assessed using a modified Harvard Step Test.  CRP  levels were measured using a high-sensitivity  assay.  The  association between physical fitness and  CRP  level was assessed using linear regression analysis. Multivariate analyses were used to adjust covariates, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows software version 15.0. Results  Subjects were 48% female  and  52% male, and eleven children (5%) had a  CRP  level  >  5 mg/L. Mean fitness level  and CRP  level did not differ  by  age and gender. Fitness level was not inversely correlated with  CRP  (r=0.10,  P=0.14).  Physical fitness was significantly correlated with BMI  (r=0.14;  P=0.04),  physical activity  [0R=3.3  (95% CI  1.7  to 6.4)], and fat intake  [0R=0.5 (95%  CI  0.2 to 0.9) ]. Conclusion  These findings indicate  that  physical fitness  is  not inversely correlated to  CRP  levels in children. However, our study reveased  an  association between high fat intake and low physical fitness as well  as  a significant association  between high physical activiry and physical fitness.

Association between C-reactive protein levels and physical fitness in 7 to 9 year old children at poor elementary schools in Surakarta, Indonesia