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Objectives To assess BCG vaccination and nutritional states in children with tuberculous meningitis and their relations with the occurrence of tuberculous meningitis. Methods A case-control study was conducted at the Division of Neurology, Department of Child Health, Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, from January 1997 to December 2000. Subjects of this study were all tuberculous meningitis patients and primary tuberculosis patients as the control group. Odds ratio (OR) was used to assess the risk of tuberculous meningitis in patients with positive BCG vaccination and (1-OR) was used to assess the efficacy of BCG to prevent tuberculous meningitis. Results Four out of sixteen tuberculous meningitis patients were vaccinated, while 10 of 16 primary tuberculosis patients were vaccinated (p=0.03). OR of vaccinated patients to get tuberculous meningitis was 0.2 (95%CI 0.04;0.91). The efficacy of BCG vaccination to prevent tuberculous meningitis was 1-0.2 = 0.8. The risk of severe malnourished patients to get tuberculous meningitis was 2.33 (95%CI 0.52;10.48; p=0.26). Conclusion Most tuberculous meningitis patients were not BCG vaccinated. Severe malnutrition did not play role in the occurrence of this disease [Paediatr Indones 2004;44:12-16].

The relation of BCG vaccination and severe malnutrition with the occurrence of tuberculous meningitis