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Background and Aims:  During recent years, the relationship between vitamin D levels and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection has attracted many researchers' attention. However, the results relating to the association of vitamin D levels and HBV infection have been conflicting and there remains a lack of knowledge about the effects of antiviral treatments on vitamin D level.  Methods:  Eighty-four patients with CHB were assessed and divided into three groups: inactive carriers ( n = 28), treated ( n = 34), and new (treatment-naïve) cases ( n = 22). Thirty-two healthy controls (HCs) were included to enable comparison with the CHB groups. The levels of vitamin D3 were measured and statistically compared among the various groups.  Results:  Male subjects had higher levels of vitamin D3 (41.25 vs 28.85, p &lt; 0.01). No association was found among any of the groups when compared with the HC group. Despite the significant association, the HCs demonstrated a higher level of vitamin D3, which was lower in the treated group, the inactive carrier group, and the new cases group (new case [29.82] &lt; inactive carrier [32.91] &lt; treated [39.56] &lt; control [44.88]). The HBV DNA levels were not associated with vitamin D3 levels in the inactive carriers ( p = 0.171), the treated groups ( p = 0.192), and the new cases ( p = 0.369). Moreover, the alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels were not associated with vitamin D3 levels for any of the HBV-infected groups.  Conclusions:  Vitamin D3 contributes to the clinical statues of CHB patients. There is also a possible correlation between clinically healthy CHB patients and vitamin D3 level.

Comparison of Vitamin D Levels in Naive, Treated, and Inactive Carriers with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus