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Almeida, J. S. G. (2015). Institutionalized children and adolescents in Bahia: points and counterpoints of a history of assistance and protection to poor children in the state of Bahia (1927­2009). Tesis Doctoral, Facultad de Educación, Departamento de Teoría e História de la Educación, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca. This study had as its theme the routing and hosting of poor and abandoned children and adolescents in the state of Bahia, Brazil.The objective of the survey was to understand the routing and care process of children and adolescents in situation of social vulnerability today, compared with the protection and assistance policy of children and adolescents of the past. The proposed methodology for this research is characterized as historical, with a qualitative approach and interpretative level of analysis. The population (universe) to which, mostly, this research is reported are children and adolescents coming from the state of Bahia, that belonged and still belong to low­income segments, discriminated by their poor condition. The interview constitutes itself in instrument of data collection aided by documental and bibliographic research. The temporal boundaries of the study considered two key moments: the establishment of the first Code of Minors in Brazil in 1927, and the journey of the nineteen years of the Statute of Children and Adolescents, designed in 1980 and enacted in 1990. As observed in this study, despite the enforcement of the law regarding to the implementation of Guardianship Councils, there is a precariousness from the services offered by the GCs in all major cities visited in the state of Bahia. Also, the reports indicated lack of records patterning from violations by child protection agencies, compromising the construction of public policies by CMDCAs. The implementation of the Information System for Children and Adolescents (SIPIA­CTWeb) is not a reality in most Guardianship Councils, including the agencies located in Salvador, the state capital. The Councils of Rights and Guardianship Councils are prevented from fully exercising the power to discuss and systematize social action, contributing effectively to these actions to materialize in public policies of attention to children, adolescents and their families due to the difficulties daily experienced. Sheltering children, in the understanding of Guardianship Councils visited, is caused by substance abuse by the father, mother or both, abandonment by parents or guardians, sexual violence, mendicancy, orphanhood, parents or responsible in prison, including domestic violence. These causes are not so different from those in the past, which led thousands of children to old asylums like boarding school. It is concluded that the reality in Bahia, marked by the social inequalities and by the continuities and discontinuities in the care of children and adolescents, both in the past and present, despite the civil social mobilization strongly materialized in the 1980s, has often resulted the practicing of sheltering in institutions that is still guided in the assistentialist model, showing the lack of commitment from the government.

Crianças e adolescentes institucionalizados na Bahia: pontos e contrapontos de uma história da assistência e proteçao à infância pobre no estado da Bahía (1927-2009)