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This article proposes an approach to the strongest native counterinsurgency corps that appeared in Gipuzkoa during the Napoleonic occupation, the Cantabrian Gendarmery. The article uses as narrative thread a short biography of its unknown commander Ramon Barrutia, who, unexpectedly, before commanding gendarmes, had been head of guerrillas, and then liberal conspirator during his exile in France, exalted constitutionalist in the Madrid of the Liberal Trienium and, finally, persecutor of constitutionalists when absolutism returned. His biography also reflects tangentially, the fickleness of behavior in a time when the mere necessity was much more important than political ideology.

Ramón Barrutia. Guerrillero y gendarme cántabro, liberal exaltado y represor absolutista