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The constant phase element (CPE) with a frequency-independent negative phasebetween current and voltage is used extensively in e.g. the bioimpedance andelectrochemistry fields. Its physical meaning is only partially understood.Here we show that the responses of both the common capacitive CPE as well asthe inductive CPE are exactly the same as those of simple RL and RC circuitswhere the inductor's or capacitor's value increases linearly with time. Theresulting step and impulse responses are found and verified by simulation withthe Micro-Cap simulation program. The realization with time-varying componentscorrelates with known time-varying properties in applications.

Simple Circuit Equivalents for the Constant Phase Element