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A new species of the  Campylobacter  genus is described, isolated from the preputial mucosa of bulls ( Bos taurus ). The five isolates obtained exhibit characteristics of  Campylobacter , being Gram-negative non-motile straight rods, oxidase positive, catalase negative and microaerophilic. Phenotypic characteristics and nucleotide sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and  hsp60  genes demonstrated that these isolates belong to a novel species within the genus  Campylobacter . Based on  hsp60  gene phylogenetic analysis, the most related species are  C .  ureolyticus ,  C .  blaseri  and  C .  corcagiensis . The whole genome sequence analysis of isolate FMV-PI01 revealed that the average nucleotide identity with other  Campylobacter  species was less than 75%, which is far below the cut-off for isolates of the same species. However, whole genome sequence analysis identified coding sequences highly homologous with other  Campylobacter  spp. These included several virulence factor coding genes related with host cell adhesion and invasion, transporters involved in resistance to antimicrobials, and a type IV secretion system (T4SS), containing virB2-virB11/virD4 genes, highly homologous to the  C .  fetus  subsp.  venerealis . The genomic G+C content of isolate FMV-PI01 was 28.3%, which is one of the lowest values reported for species of the genus  Campylobacter . For this species the name  Campylobacter portucalensis  sp. nov. is proposed, with FMV-PI01 (= LMG 31504, = CCUG 73856) as the type strain.

Campylobacter portucalensis sp. nov., a new species of Campylobacter isolated from the preputial mucosa of bulls