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Hemangiosarcoma (HSA), a locally invasive and highly metastatic endothelial cell neoplasm, accounts for two-thirds of all cardiac and splenic neoplasms in dogs.  Bartonella  spp. infection has been reported in association with neoplastic and non-neoplastic vasoproliferative lesions in animals and humans. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of  Bartonella  spp. in conjunction with two other hemotropic pathogens,  Babesia  spp. and hemotropic  Mycoplasma  spp., in tissues and blood samples from 110 dogs with histopathologically diagnosed HSA from throughout the United States. This was a retrospective, observational study using clinical specimens from 110 dogs with HSA banked by the biospecimen repository of the Canine Comparative Oncology and Genomics Consortium. Samples provided for this study from each dog included: fresh frozen HSA tumor tissue (available from n = 100 of the 110 dogs), fresh frozen non-tumor tissue (n = 104), and whole blood and serum samples (n = 108 and 107 respectively). Blood and tissues were tested by qPCR for  Bartonella , hemotropic  Mycoplasma , and  Babesia  spp. DNA; serum was tested for  Bartonella  spp. antibodies.  Bartonella  spp. DNA was amplified and sequenced from 73% of dogs with HSA (80/110). In contrast, hemotropic  Mycoplasma  spp. DNA was amplified from a significantly smaller proportion (5%, p<0.0001) and  Babesia  spp. DNA was not amplified from any dog. Of the 100 HSA tumor samples submitted, 34% were  Bartonella  PCR positive (32% of splenic tumors, 57% of cardiac tumors, and 17% of other tumor locations). Of 104 non-tumor tissues, 63% were  Bartonella  PCR positive (56% of spleen samples, 93% of cardiac samples, and 63% of skin/subcutaneous samples). Of dogs with  Bartonella  positive HSA tumor, 76% were also positive in non-tumor tissue.  Bartonella  spp. DNA was not PCR amplified from whole blood. This study documented a high prevalence of  Bartonella  spp. DNA in dogs with HSA from geographically diverse regions of the United States. While 73% of all tissue samples from these dogs were PCR positive for  Bartonella  DNA, none of the blood samples were, indicating that whole blood samples do not reflect tissue presence of this pathogen. Future studies are needed to further investigate the role of  Bartonella  spp. in the development of HSA.

Molecular prevalence of Bartonella, Babesia, and hemotropic Mycoplasma species in dogs with hemangiosarcoma from across the United States