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All broiler flocks reared and slaughtered in Norway from May-October 2016 (n = 2110) were screened for the presence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) -resistant  Enterobacteriaceae . Furthermore, we investigated possible risk factors for occurrence of such bacteria in broiler flocks. The odds of a flock being positive for ESC-resistant  Enterobacteriaceae  increased if the previous flock in the same house was positive, and if the flock was reared during September-October. However, we cannot exclude seasonal fluctuations in occurrence of ESC-resistant  Enterobacteriaceae  during the months November to April. The overall occurrence of ESC-resistant  Enterobacteriaceae  was 10.4%, and primarily linked to the presence of  bla  CMY  (82.6%) in positive isolates. We describe the first findings of  Escherichia coli  with  bla  CTX-M-1 ,  Klebsiella pneumoniae  with both  bla  CTX-M-15  and  bla  SHV-12 , and  K .  pneumoniae  with  bla  CMY  isolated from Norwegian broiler production. This study gives us a unique overview and estimate of the true occurrence of ESC-resistant  Enterobacteriaceae  in Norwegian broilers over a six-month period. To the best of our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study performed on the occurrence of ESC-resistant  Enterobacteriaceae  in a broiler population.

plos one

Occurrence of and risk factors for extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae determined by sampling of all Norwegian broiler flocks during a six month period