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In 1967,  Brucella neotomae  was first isolated from  Neotoma lepida , the dessert wood rat, in Utah. With little infection data since its discovery, the zoonotic potential of this  Brucella  species is largely unknown. Recent reports of isolation from human cerebrospinal fluid, along with current literature suggest that  B .  neotomae  has the ability to infect various hosts and cell types. In this report we extend the knowledge of  B .  neotomae  ATCC 23459’s intracellular invasion and survival abilities to a variety of cell lines through gentamicin protection assays. Some of the phagocytic and epithelial cell lines from various mammalian species represent characteristics of some cell types that could be encountered by  Brucella  in potential hosts. It was found that  B .  neotomae  ATCC 23459 exhibits generally lower intracellular bacterial CFUs compared to the mouse-passaged strain of  B .  neotomae  ATCC 23459,  B .  suis  1330, and  B .  abortus  2308. Ultimately, these observations provide a small piece of the puzzle in the investigation of the breadth of  B .  neotomae ’s pathogenic potential.

Intracellular invasion and survival of Brucella neotomae, another possible zoonotic Brucella species