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The objective of the study was to evaluate role of zeolite and  Enterobacter  sp. MN17 on Cd uptake, growth, physiological and biochemical responses of  Brassica napus  on Cd-contaminated soil. A sandy clay loam soil in plastic pots was spiked with Cd (0 and 80 mg kg -1 ) and amended with zeolite (0 and 10 g kg -1 ). Seeds of  B .  napus  were inoculated with  Enterobacter  sp. MN17. Both inoculated and non-inoculated seeds of  B .  napus  were sown and plants were harvested after 60 days of growth and data were collected. Although sole application of zeolite and seed inoculation reverted adverse effects of Cd in  B .  napus  plants, the combined use resulted in even higher growth and physiological responses compared to control plants. The combined use under Cd stress increased plant height, root length, dry biomass of shoot and root up to 32%, 57%, 42% and 64%, respectively compared to control. The different physiological attributes (photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance) of  B .  napus  were improved from 6% to 137%. Moreover, combined use of zeolite and seed inoculation on Cd-contaminated soil reduced the stress to plants as antioxidant activities decreased up to 25–64%, however enzyme activities were still higher than plants grown on normal soil. Root and shoot analysis of  B .  napus  for Cd content depicted that zeolite and bacterium decreased Cd uptake from soil. It is concluded that combined use of zeolite and strain MN17 reduces Cd uptake from soil and improves physiological and biochemical responses of  B .  napus  which is helpful to alleviate Cd toxicity to plants.

plos one

Combined use of Enterobacter sp. MN17 and zeolite reverts the adverse effects of cadmium on growth, physiology and antioxidant activity of Brassica napus