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Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ,  Pasteurella multocida  and  Streptococcus suis  are prevalent bacterial causes of swine infections. Morbidity, mortality and positively impacting the financial burden of infection occurs with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Increasing antimicrobial resistance complicates drug therapy and resistance prevention is now a necessity to optimize therapy and prolong drug life. Mutant bacterial cells are said to arise spontaneously in bacterial densities of 10 7 −10 9  or greater colony forming units/ml. Antibiotic drug concentration inhibiting growth of the least susceptible cell in these high density populations has been termed the mutant prevention concentration (MPC). In this study MPC and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, tilmicosin and tulathromycin were determined against the swine pathogens  A .  pleuropneumoniae ,  P . multocida  and  S .  suis . The following MIC 90 /MPC 90  values (mg/L) for 67  A .  pleuropneumoniae  and 73  P .  multocida  strains respectively were as follows:  A .  pleuropneumoniae  0.031/0.5, ≤0.016/0.5, 0.5/2, 4/32, 2/32;  P .  multocida  0.004/0.25, 0.016/0.125, 0.5/0.5, 8/16, 0.5/1. For 33  S .  suis  strains, MIC 90  values (mg/L) respectively were as follows: 1, 0.25, 4, ≥8 and ≥8. A total of 16  S .  suis  strains with MIC values of 0.063–0.5 mg/L to ceftiofur and 0.25–0.5 mg/L to enrofloxacin were tested by MPC; MPC values respectively were 0.5 and 1 mg/L respectively. MPC concentrations provide a dosing target which may serve to reduce amplification of bacterial subpopulations with reduced antimicrobial susceptibility. Drug potency based on MIC 90  values was ceftiofur > enrofloxacin >florfenicol = tulathromycin > tilmicosin; based on MPC 90  values was enrofloxacin > ceftiofur > tulathromycin > florfenicol ≥ tilmicosin.

plos one

Mutant prevention and minimum inhibitory concentration drug values for enrofloxacin, ceftiofur, florfenicol, tilmicosin and tulathromycin tested against swine pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus suis