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Fruit development in  Lycium ruthenicum  Murr. involves a succession of physiological and biochemical changes reflecting the transcriptional modulation of thousands of genes. Although recent studies have investigated the dynamic transcriptomic responses during fruit ripening in  L .  ruthenicum , most have been limited in scope, and thus systematic data representing the structural genes and transcription factors involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis are lacking. In this study, the transcriptomes of three ripening stages associated with anthocyanin accumulation, including S1 (green ripeness stage), S2 (skin color change) and S3 (complete ripeness stage) in  L .  ruthenicum  were investigated using Illumina sequencing. Of a total of 43,573 assembled unigenes, 12,734 were differentially expressed during fruit ripening in  L .  ruthenicum . Twenty-five significantly differentially expressed structural genes (including  PAL ,  C4H ,  4CL ,  CHS ,  CHI ,  F3H ,  F3’H ,  F3’5’H ,  DFR ,  ANS  and  UFGT ) were identified that might be associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis. Additionally, several transcription factors, including MYB, bHLH, WD40, NAC, WRKY, bZIP and MADS, were correlated with the structural genes, implying their important interaction with anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes. Our findings provide insight into anthocyanin biosynthesis and regulation patterns in  L .  ruthenicum  and offer a systematic basis for elucidating the molecular mechanisms governing anthocyanin biosynthesis in  L .  ruthenicum .

plos one

Transcriptomic analysis of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. during fruit ripening provides insight into structural and regulatory genes in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway