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In 2001, the woodwasp  Sirex noctilio  was detected in  Pinus radiata  plantations in the Biobio region of southern Chile. Subsequently, an intense biological control program using the female sterilizing nematode  Deladenus siricidicola  was implemented in 2010. During five seasons between 2012 and 2017, we studied the parasitism of  D .  siricidicola  nematode and its effect on woodwasp populations and infestation of  P .  radiata  in different locations within the Biobio region. Parasitism was assessed by dissecting adult females of  S .  noctilio  obtained from infested  P .  radiata  logs. The total population of  S .  noctilio  was determined by the emergence of individuals from the same logs. The level of damage caused by the  S .  noctilio  pest was determined by establishing plots in stands of  P .  radiata  at an intensity of 1 plot every 5 ha-1. During the study period, parasitism of  S .  noctilio  by the nematode  D .  siricidicola  increased from 29.6% in 2012 to 93.1% in 2016, while pest population decreased 3.4% in the same time period. Infestation increased from 0.3 to 11,6% of trees between 2012 and 2015, but subsequently decreased to 5.9% by 2017. We confirmed establishment of the nematode in the region under study and its natural dispersion to non-inoculated areas. Finally, we determined that the effect of inoculation age (antiquity) on parasitism levels reached 90% after three years of inoculation.

Biocontrol of Sirex noctilio by the parasitic nematode Deladenus siricidicola: A five season field study in southern Chile