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Kidney immune cells play important roles in pathogenesis of many diseases, including ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and transplant rejection. While studying murine kidney T cells, we serendipitously identified a kidney mononuclear phagocytic cell (MPC) subset characterized by intermediate surface expression of CD45 and CD11b. These CD45 int CD11b int  MPCs were further identified as F4/80  +  MHCII  +  CX3CR1  +  Ly6C -  cells, comprising ~17% of total CD45 +  cells in normal mouse kidney ( P  < 0.01) and virtually absent from all other organs examined except the heart. Systemic clodronate treatment had more significant depletive effect on the CD45 int CD11b int  population (77.3%±5.9%,  P  = 0.03) than on CD45 high CD11b +  population (14.8%±16.6%,  P  = 0.49). In addition, CD45 int CD11b int  MPCs had higher phagocytic function in the normal kidney (35.6%±3.3% vs. 24.1%±2.2%,  P  = 0.04), but lower phagocytic capacity in post-ischemic kidney (54.9%±1.0% vs. 67.8%±1.9%,  P  < 0.01) compared to the CD45 high CD11b +  population. Moreover, the CD45 int CD11b int  population had higher intracellular production of the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (58.4%±5.2% vs. 27.3%±0.9%,  P  < 0.001) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and lower production of the anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 (7.2%±1.3% vs. 14.9%±2.2%,  P  = 0.02) following kidney IRI, suggesting a functional role under inflammatory conditions. The CD45 int CD11b int  cells increased early after IRI, and then abruptly decreased 48h later, whereas CD45 high CD11b +  cells steadily increased after IRI before declining at 72h ( P  = 0.03). We also identified the CD45 int CD11b int  MPC subtype in human kidney. We conclude that CD45 int CD11b int  F4/80  +  MHCII  +  CX3CR1  +  Ly6C - population represent a unique subset of MPCs found in both mouse and human kidneys. Future studies will further characterize their role in kidney health and disease.

Characterization of kidney CD45intCD11bintF4/80+MHCII+CX3CR1+Ly6C- “intermediate mononuclear phagocytic cells”