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Late Cretaceous members of  Peritresius  belong to a diverse clade of marine adapted turtles currently thought to be some of the earliest representatives of the lineage leading to modern hard-shelled sea turtles (Pan-Cheloniidae). Prior studies have suggested that  Peritresius  was monospecific, with a distribution restricted to Maastrichtian deposits in North America. However, new  Peritresius  specimens identified from Alabama and Mississippi, USA, show that the genus contains two taxa,  Peritresius ornatus , and a new species  Peritresius martini  sp. nov. These two taxa are characterized by the presence of a generally cordiform carapace with moderately serrated peripherals, well-developed ventral flanges beginning at the third peripheral, squarish umbilical and lateral plastral fontanelles, and a narrow bridge formed by the contact between the hyoplastron and hypoplastron.  Peritresius martini  sp. nov. can be distinguished by its lack of dermal ornamentation and the presence of a ‘rib-free’ 10th peripheral. These new specimens represent the first occurrences of  Peritresius  from the Late Cretaceous Mississippi Embayment and extend the temporal range of this genus back to the early Campanian. When tested within a global phylogenetic context,  Peritresius  is placed on the stem of Cheloniidae (Pan-Cheloniidae) along with  Ctenochelys  and  Allopleuron hofmanni . The heavily vascularized and uniquely sculptured dermal elements of  P .  ornatus  are interpreted here as potentially relating to thermoregulation and therefore may have been one of the key factors contributing to the survival of  Peritresius  into the Maastrichtian, a period of cooling when other lineages of Campanian marine turtles (e.g., Protostegids,  Toxochelys , and  Ctenochelys ) went extinct.

plos one

A new species of Peritresius Leidy, 1856 (Testudines: Pan-Cheloniidae) from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) of Alabama, USA, and the occurrence of the genus within the Mississippi Embayment of North America