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WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant defense, stress response, leaf senescence, and plant growth and development. Previous studies have revealed the important roles of the group IIa  GhWRKY  genes in cotton. To comprehensively analyze the group IIa  GhWRKY  genes in upland cotton, we identified 15 candidate group IIa  GhWRKY  genes in the  Gossypium hirsutum  genome. The phylogenetic tree, intron-exon structure, motif prediction and Ka/Ks analyses indicated that most group IIa  GhWRKY  genes shared high similarity and conservation and underwent purifying selection during evolution. In addition, we detected the expression patterns of several group IIa  GhWRKY  genes in individual tissues as well as during leaf senescence using public RNA sequencing data and real-time quantitative PCR. To better understand the functions of group IIa  GhWRKYs  in cotton,  GhWRKY17  (KF669857) was isolated from upland cotton, and its sequence alignment, promoter  cis -acting elements and subcellular localization were characterized. Moreover, the over-expression of  GhWRKY17  in  Arabidopsis  up-regulated the senescence-associated genes  AtWRKY53 ,  AtSAG12  and  AtSAG13 , enhancing the plant’s susceptibility to leaf senescence. These findings lay the foundation for further analysis and study of the functions of WRKY genes in cotton.

Identification of the group IIa WRKY subfamily and the functional analysis of GhWRKY17 in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)