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WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in plant resistance responses to pathogens. Wheat stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen  Puccinia striiformis  f. sp.  tritici  ( Pst ), is a destructive disease of wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) worldwide. In this study, the two WRKY genes  TaWRKY49  and  TaWRKY62  were originally identified in association with high-temperature seedling-plant resistance to  Pst  (HTSP) resistance in wheat cultivar Xiaoyan 6 by RNA-seq. Interestingly, the expression levels of  TaWRKY49  and  TaWRKY62  were down- and up-regulated, respectively, during HTSP resistance in response to  Pst . Silencing of  TaWRKY49  enhanced whereas silencing  TaWRKY62  reduced HTSP resistance. The enhanced resistance observed on leaves following the silencing of  TaWRKY49  was coupled with increased expression of salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-responsive genes  TaPR1 . 1  and  TaAOS , as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS)-associated genes  TaCAT  and  TaPOD ; whereas the ethylene (ET)-responsive gene  TaPIE1  was suppressed. The decreased resistance observed on leaves following  TaWRKY62  silencing was associated with increased expression of  TaPR1 . 1  and  TaPOD , and suppression of  TaAOS  and  TaPIE1 . Furthermore, SA, ET, MeJA (methyl jasmonate), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments increased  TaWRKY62  expression. On the other hand, MeJA did not affect the expression of  TaWRKY49 , and H 2 O 2  reduced  TaWRKY49  expression. In conclusion,  TaWRKY49  negatively regulates while  TaWRKY62  positively regulates wheat HTSP resistance to  Pst  by differential regulation of SA-, JA-, ET and ROS-mediated signaling.

plos one

The wheat WRKY transcription factors TaWRKY49 and TaWRKY62 confer differential high-temperature seedling-plant resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici