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The goal was to gain understanding of how 12 genes containing SNP previously related to embryo competence to become a blastocyst ( BRINP3 ,  C1QB ,  HSPA1L ,  IRF9 ,  MON1B ,  PARM1 ,  PCCB ,  PMM2 ,  SLC18A2 ,  TBC1D24 ,  TTLL3  and  WBP1 ) participate in embryonic development. Gene expression was evaluated in matured oocytes and embryos.  BRINP3  and  C1QB  were not detected at any stage. For most other genes, transcript abundance declined as the embryo developed to the blastocyst stage. Exceptions were for  PARM1  and  WBP1 , where steady-state mRNA increased at the 9–16 cell stage. The SNP in  WBP1  caused large differences in the predicted three-dimensional structure of the protein while the SNP in  PARM1  caused smaller changes. The mutation in  WBP1  causes an amino acid substitution located close to a P-P-X-Y motif involved in protein-protein interactions. Moreover, the observation that the reference allele varies between mammalian species indicates that the locus has not been conserved during mammalian evolution. Knockdown of mRNA for  WBP1  decreased the percent of putative zygotes becoming blastocysts and reduced the number of trophectoderm cells and immunoreactive CDX2 in the resulting blastocysts.  WBP1  is an important gene for embryonic development in the cow. Further research to identify how the SNP in  WBP1  affects processes leading to differentiation of the embryo into TE and ICM lineages is warranted.

plos one

Characteristics of candidate genes associated with embryonic development in the cow: Evidence for a role for WBP1 in development to the blastocyst stage