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Selectins are adhesion molecules, which mediate attachment between leucocytes and endothelium. They aid extravasation of leucocytes from blood into inflamed tissue during the mammary gland’s response to infection. Selectins are also involved in attachment of the conceptus to the endometrium and subsequent placental development. Poor fertility and udder health are major causes for culling dairy cows. The three identified bovine selectin genes  SELP ,  SELL  and  SELE  are located in a gene cluster.  SELP  is the most polymorphic of these genes. Several SNP in  SELP  and  SELE  are associated with human vascular disease, while  SELP  SNP rs6127 has been associated with recurrent pregnancy loss in women. This study describes the results of a gene association study for SNP in  SELP  (n = 5),  SELL  (n = 2) and  SELE  (n = 1) with fertility, milk production and longevity traits in a population of 337 Holstein Friesian dairy cows. Blood samples for PCR-RFLP were collected at 6 months of age and animals were monitored until either culling or 2,340 days from birth. Three SNP in SELP Ex4-6  formed a haplotype block containing a Glu/Ala substitution at rs42312260. This region was associated with poor fertility and reduced survival times. SELP Ex8  (rs378218397) coded for a Val475Met variant locus in the linking region between consensus repeats 4 and 5, which may influence glycosylation. The synonymous SNP rs110045112 in SELE Ex14  deviated from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. For both this SNP and rs378218397 there were too few AA homozygotes present in the population and AG heterozygotes had significantly worse fertility than GG homozygotes. Small changes in milk production associated with some SNP could not account for the reduced fertility and only SELP Ex6  showed any association with somatic cell count. These results suggest that polymorphisms in  SELP  and  SELE  are associated with the likelihood of successful pregnancy, potentially through compromised implantation and placental development.

Polymorphisms in the selectin gene cluster are associated with fertility and survival time in a population of Holstein Friesian cows