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The ability of aculeate Hymenoptera to utilize wetlands is poorly understood, and descriptions of their nests and developmental stages are largely absent. Here we present results based on our survey of hymenopterans using galls induced by  Lipara  spp. flies on common reed  Phragmites australis  in the years 2015–2016. We studied 20,704 galls, of which 9,446 were longitudinally cut and the brood from them reared in the laboratory, while the remaining 11,258 galls reared in rearing bags also in laboratory conditions. We recorded eight species that were previously not known to nest in reed galls: cuckoo wasps  Chrysis rutilans  and  Trichrysis pumilionis , solitary wasps  Stenodynerus chevrieranus  and  Stenodynerus clypeopictus , and bees  Pseudoanthidium tenellum ,  Stelis punctulatissima ,  Hylaeus communis  and  Hylaeus confusus . Forty five species of Hymenoptera: Aculeata are known to be associated with reed galls, of which 36 make their nests there, and the other are six parasitoids of the family Chrysididae and three cuckoo bees of the genus  Stelis . Of these species,  Pemphredon fabricii  and in southern Europe also  Heriades rubicola  are very common in reed galls, followed by  Hylaeus pectoralis  and two species of the genus  Trypoxylon . We also found new host-parasite associations:  Chrysis angustula  in nests of  Pemphredon fabricii ,  Chrysis rutilans  in nests of  Stenodynerus clypeopictus ,  Trichrysis pumilionis  in nests of  Trypoxylon deceptorium , and  Stelis breviuscula  in nests of  Heriades rubicola . We provide new descriptions of the nests of seven species nesting in reed galls and morphology of mature larvae of eight species nesting in reed galls and two parasitoids and one nest cleptoparasite. The larvae are usually very similar to those of related species but possess characteristics that make them easy to distinguish from related species. Our results show that common reeds are not only expansive and harmful, but very important for many insect species associated with habitats dominated by this plant species.

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Larvae and Nests of Aculeate Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) Nesting in Reed Galls Induced by Lipara spp. (Diptera: Chloropidae) with a Review of Species Recorded. Part II.