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Little is known about the prevalence, functionality and ecological roles of temperate phages for members of the mycolic acid producing bacteria, the Mycolata. While many lytic phages infective for these organisms have been isolated, and assessed for their suitability for use as biological control agents of activated sludge foaming, no studies have investigated how temperate phages might be induced for this purpose. Bioinformatic analysis using the PHAge Search Tool (PHAST) on Mycolata whole genome sequence data in GenBank for members of the genera  Gordonia ,  Mycobacterium ,  Nocardia ,  Rhodococcus , and  Tsukamurella  revealed 83% contained putative prophage DNA sequences. Subsequent prophage inductions using mitomycin C were conducted on 17 Mycolata strains. This led to the isolation and genome characterization of three novel  Caudovirales  temperate phages, namely GAL1, GMA1, and TPA4, induced from  Gordonia alkanivorans ,  Gordonia malaquae , and  Tsukamurella paurometabola , respectively. All possessed highly distinctive dsDNA genome sequences.

Locating and Activating Molecular ‘Time Bombs’: Induction of Mycolata Prophages