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The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of β-lactamase producing or fluoroquinolone-resistant members of the family  Enterobacteriaceae  in European mouflons ( Ovis orientalis musimon ). The mouflon samples originated from nasal and perineal swabs and/or organ samples in cases of a suspected infection. Only one of the 32 mouflons was tested positive for the presence of  Enterobacteriaceae  that displayed either an ESBL/AmpC phenotype or were resistant to ciprofloxacin. The positively tested swab originated from a sample of the jejunal mucosa of a four-year old female mouflon. Two different colony morphotypes were identified as  Escherichia coli  and  Klebsiella pneumoniae . These isolates were phenotypically and genotypically characterized in detail by a polyphasic approach. Both isolates were multi-drug resistant. The  E .  coli  isolate belonged to the phylogenetic group B1 and sequence type (ST) 744 and harboured the β-lactamase genes  bla  CTX-M-15  and  bla  OXA-1 . The  K .  pneumoniae , identified as ST11, harboured the β-lactamase genes  bla  SHV-11 ,  bla  OXA-1 , and  bla  DHA-1  as well as the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) gene  qnrB55 . The present study demonstrates that wild animals can acquire human-derived resistance determinants and such findings may indicate environmental pollution with resistance determinants from other sources.

plos one

Characterization of ESBL- and AmpC-Producing and Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Mouflons (Ovis orientalis musimon) in Austria and Germany