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A family of putative  PECTIN ESTERASE INHIBITOR  ( PEI ) genes, which were detected in the genomic region co-segregating with the resistance gene  Rrs2  against scald caused by  Rhynchosporium commune  in barley, were characterized and tested for their possible involvement in mediating resistance to the pathogen by complementation and overexpression analysis. The sequences of the respective genes were derived from two BAC contigs originating from the susceptible cultivar ‘Morex’. For the genes  HvPEI2 ,  HvPEI3 ,  HvPEI4  and  HvPEI6 , specific haplotypes for 18 resistant and 23 susceptible cultivars were detected after PCR-amplification and haplotype-specific CAPS-markers were developed. None of the tested candidate genes  HvPEI2 ,  HvPEI3  and  HvPEI4  alone conferred a high resistance level in transgenic over-expression plants, though an improvement of the resistance level was observed especially with OE-lines for gene  HvPEI4 . These results do not confirm but also do not exclude an involvement of the  PEI  gene family in the response to the pathogen. A candidate for the resistance gene  Rrs2  could not be identified yet. It is possible that  Rrs2  is a  PEI  gene or another type of gene which has not been detected in the susceptible cultivar ‘Morex’ or the full resistance reaction requires the presence of several  PEI  genes.

Are PECTIN ESTERASE INHIBITOR Genes Involved in Mediating Resistance to Rhynchosporium commune in Barley?