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WRKY  proteins comprise one of the largest transcription factor families in plants and form key regulators of many plant processes. This study presents the characterization of 58  WRKY  genes from the castor bean ( Ricinus communis  L., Euphorbiaceae) genome. Compared with the automatic genome annotation, one more  WRKY -encoding locus was identified and 20 out of the 57 predicted gene models were manually corrected. All  RcWRKY  genes were shown to contain at least one intron in their coding sequences. According to the structural features of the present  WRKY  domains, the identified  RcWRKY  genes were assigned to three previously defined groups (I–III). Although castor bean underwent no recent whole-genome duplication event like physic nut ( Jatropha curcas  L., Euphorbiaceae), comparative genomics analysis indicated that one gene loss, one intron loss and one recent proximal duplication occurred in the  RcWRKY  gene family. The expression of all 58  RcWRKY  genes was supported by ESTs and/or RNA sequencing reads derived from roots, leaves, flowers, seeds and endosperms. Further global expression profiles with RNA sequencing data revealed diverse expression patterns among various tissues. Results obtained from this study not only provide valuable information for future functional analysis and utilization of the castor bean  WRKY  genes, but also provide a useful reference to investigate the gene family expansion and evolution in Euphorbiaceus plants.

Gene Structures, Evolution and Transcriptional Profiling of the WRKY Gene Family in Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.)