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In  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  (MTB) infection, the complex interaction of host immune system and the mycobacteria is associated with levels of cytokines production that play a major role in determining the outcome of the disease. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes have been associated with tuberculosis (TB) outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between previously reported SNPs  IL2– 330 T>G (rs2069762);  IL4 –590 C>T (rs2243250);  IL6 –174 G>C (rs1800795);  IL10 –592 A>C (rs1800872);  IL10 –1082 G>A (rs1800896);  IL17A  -692 C>T (rs8193036);  IL17A  -197 G>A (rs2275913);  TNF  -238 G>A (rs361525);  TNF  -308 G>A (rs1800629) and  IFNG  +874 T>A (rs2430561) and pulmonary TB (PTB) susceptibility. We conducted a case-control study in individuals from Southern Brazil who were recruited between February 2012 and October 2013 in a high incidence TB city. We performed a multiplex genotyping assay in 191 patients with PTB and 175 healthy subjects. Our results suggest a decreased risk for PTB development associated with the  IL17A  -197A allele (OR = 0.29; p = 0.04), AA genotype (OR = 0.12; p = 0.04) and A carrier (AG / AA) (OR = 0.29; p = 0.004) and  IL6  -174C carrier (CC/CG) (OR = 0.46; p = 0.04). We could not properly analyze  IL17A  -692 C>T (rs8193036) and  IFNG  +874T>A due to genotypic inconsistencies and found no evidence of association for the  IL2 ,  IL4 ,  IL10  and  TNF  polymorphisms and PTB. In conclusion, our results show a protective effect of  IL17  and  IL6  polymorphisms on PTB outcome in Southern Brazilian population.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in IL17A and IL6 Are Associated with Decreased Risk for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Southern Brazilian Population