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COBRA - Like  ( COBL ) genes, which encode a plant-specific glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored protein, have been proven to be key regulators in the orientation of cell expansion and cellulose crystallinity status. Genome-wide analysis has been performed in  A .  thaliana ,  O .  sativa ,  Z .  mays  and  S .  lycopersicum , but little in  Gossypium . Here we identified 19, 18 and 33 candidate  COBL  genes from three sequenced cotton species, diploid cotton  G .  raimondii ,  G .  arboreum  and tetraploid cotton  G .  hirsutum  acc. TM-1, respectively. These  COBL  members were anchored onto 10 chromosomes in  G .  raimondii  and could be divided into two subgroups. Expression patterns of  COBL  genes showed highly developmental and spatial regulation in  G .  hirsutum  acc. TM-1. Of them,  GhCOBL9  and  GhCOBL13  were preferentially expressed at the secondary cell wall stage of fiber development and had significantly co-upregulated expression with cellulose synthase genes  GhCESA4 ,  GhCESA7  and  GhCESA8 . Besides,  GhCOBL9  D t  and  GhCOBL13  D t  were co-localized with previously reported cotton fiber quality quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and the favorable allele types of  GhCOBL9  D t  had significantly positive correlations with fiber quality traits, indicating that these two genes might play an important role in fiber development.

Comprehensive Analysis of the COBRA-Like (COBL) Gene Family in Gossypium Identifies Two COBLs Potentially Associated with Fiber Quality