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Different clones of methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA)  Staphylococcus aureus  have been found in humans as well as in animals and retail meat. However, more information about the genetic characteristics and similarities between strains is needed. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize  Staphylococcus aureus  from humans, and to compare their characteristics with isolates of animal origin. A total of 550 nasal swabs were taken from healthy humans, and  S .  aureus  was isolated and identified. Positive  S .  aureus  isolates were subjected to molecular typing and susceptibility testing. In addition, 108 MRSA isolates recovered from clinical patients in the state of North Dakota and 133  S .  aureus  isolates from animals and meat previously analyzed were included. The nasal carriage of  S .  aureus  in healthy people was 7.6% and, in general, clones were genetically diverse. None of the  S .  aureus  strains obtained from healthy people were  mecA - or PVL-positive. A total of 105 (97.2%) MRSA isolates from clinical cases harbored the  mecA  gene and 11 (10.2%) isolated from blood stream infections harbored the PVL gene. The most common resistance profile among  S .  aureus  from healthy people was penicillin, and from clinical cases were erythromycin-penicillin-ciprofloxacin. The rate of multidrug resistance (MDR) was 70% in humans. Most of the  S .  aureus  harboring  mecA  and PVL genes were identified as ST5 and ST8, and exhibited MDR. However,  S .  aureus  isolates of animal origin used for comparison exhibited a lower rate of MDR. The most common resistance profiles in isolates of animal origin were penicillin-tetracycline and penicillin-tetracycline-erythromycin, in animals and raw meat, respectively. The ST5 was also found in animals and meat, with ST9 and ST398 being the major clones. The genetic similarity between clones from humans and meat suggests the risk of spread of  S .  aureus  in the food chain.

Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from Humans and a Comparison with İsolates of Animal Origin, in North Dakota, United States