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Background  MicroRNA 146a (miR-146a) is a 19 to 23 nucleotide long, small non-coding RNA with gene regulatory functions that has influence on the pathogenesis of many diseases. A single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2910164 C>G) in pre-miR-146a is correlated with the expression of miR-146a. The aim of this study was to perform an association analysis of rs2910164 with IgA nephropathy in adult patients from a Chinese Han population.    Methods  A total of 145 patients with renal biopsy-proved IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and 179 healthy controls were recruited to the current study. rs2910164 was genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and high-resolution melting methods (HRM). Clinical characteristics and pathology grading of patients with IgAN were recorded at the time of kidney biopsy.    Result  There were significant differences among the population of patients grouped by different age of onset in a co-dominant model (CG  vs . CC  vs . GG) ( p  = 0.033) and a recessive model (CG+CC  vs . GG) ( p  = 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in the distribution of genotypes between cases and controls ( p  = 0.144). There was also no significant difference between rs2910164 and patient quantitative traits (all  p  > 0.003) or different pathology grading (Lee’s grading system and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis in the Oxford classification) (all  p  > 0.05).    Conclusions  There was no association of rs2910164 with susceptibility to IgAN in adults from a Chinese Han population. However, rs2910164 was correlated with the age of onset of IgAN in adult patients.

Genetic Variation in miR-146a Is Not Associated with Susceptibility to IgA Nephropathy in Adults from a Chinese Han Population