English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Aims  To explore the longitudinal effect of chronic comorbid diseases on glycemic control (HbA 1 C) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in type 2 diabetes patients.    Methods  In a representative primary care cohort of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in The Netherlands ( n  = 610), we tested differences in the five year trend of HbA 1 C and SBP according to comorbidity profiles. In a mixed model analysis technique we corrected for relevant covariates. Influence of comorbidity (a chronic disease already present when diabetes was diagnosed) was tested as total number of comorbid diseases, and as presence of specific disease groups, i.e. cardiovascular, mental, and musculoskeletal disease, malignancies, and COPD. In subgroup effect analyses we tested if potential differences were modified by age, sex, socioeconomic status, and BMI.    Results  The number of comorbid diseases significantly influenced the SBP trend, with highest values after five years for diabetes patients without comorbidity (p = 0.005). The number of diseases did not influence the HbA 1 C trend (p = 0.075). Comorbid musculoskeletal disease resulted in lower HbA 1 C at the time of diabetes diagnosis, but in higher values after five years (p = 0.044). Patients with cardiovascular diseases had sustained elevated levels of SBP (p = 0.014). Effect modification by socioeconomic status was observed in some comorbidity subgroups.    Conclusions  Presence of comorbidity in type 2 diabetes patients affected the long-term course of HbA 1 C and SBP in this primary care cohort. Numbers and types of comorbidity showed differential effects: not the simple sum of diseases, but specific types of comorbid disease had a negative influence on long-term diabetes control parameters. The complex interactions between comorbidity, diabetes control and effect modifiers require further investigation and may help to personalize treatment goals.

The Effect of Comorbidity on Glycemic Control and Systolic Blood Pressure in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study with 5 Year Follow-Up in Primary Care