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Background  Arginine vasopressin (AVP) plays a role in social behavior, through receptor AVPR1A. The promoter polymorphism  AVPR1A  RS3 has been associated with human social behaviors, and with acute response to stress. Here, the relationships between  AVPR1A  RS3, early-life stressors, and social interaction in adulthood were explored.    Methods  Adult individuals from a Swedish population-based cohort ( n  = 1871) were assessed for self-reported availability of social integration and social attachment and for experience of childhood adversities. Their DNA samples were genotyped for the microsatellite  AVPR1A  RS3.    Results  Among males, particularly those homozygous for the long alleles of  AVPR1A  RS3 were vulnerable to childhood adversity for their social attachment in adulthood. A similar vulnerability to childhood adversity among long allele carriers was found on adulthood social integration, but here both males and females were influenced.    Limitation  Data were self-reported and childhood adversity data were retrospective.    Conclusions  Early-life stress influenced the relationship between  AVPR1A  genetic variants and social interaction. For social attachment,  AVPR1A  was of importance in males only. The findings add to previous reports on higher acute vulnerability to stress in persons with long  AVPR1A  RS3 alleles and increased AVP levels.

Impact of Childhood Adversity and Vasopressin receptor 1a Variation on Social Interaction in Adulthood: A Cross-Sectional Study