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Reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a reliable technique for measuring and evaluating gene expression during variable biological processes. To facilitate gene expression studies, normalization of genes of interest relative to stable reference genes is crucial. The western flower thrips  Frankliniella occidentalis  (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), the main vector of  tomato spotted wilt virus  (TSWV), is a destructive invasive species. In this study, the expression profiles of 11 candidate reference genes from nonviruliferous and viruliferous  F .  occidentalis  were investigated. Five distinct algorithms,  geNorm ,  NormFinder ,  BestKeeper , the  ΔC    t   method, and  RefFinder , were used to determine the performance of these genes.  geNorm ,  NormFinder ,  BestKeeper , and  RefFinder  identified  heat shock protein 70  ( HSP70 ),  heat shock protein 60  ( HSP60 ),  elongation factor 1 α , and  ribosomal protein l32  ( RPL32 ) as the most stable reference genes, and the  ΔC    t   method identified  HSP60 ,  HSP70 ,  RPL32 , and  heat shock protein 90  as the most stable reference genes. Additionally, two reference genes were sufficient for reliable normalization in nonviruliferous and viruliferous  F .  occidentalis . This work provides a foundation for investigating the molecular mechanisms of TSWV and  F .  occidentalis  interactions.

Stable Reference Gene Selection for RT-qPCR Analysis in Nonviruliferous and Viruliferous Frankliniella occidentalis