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Background  There are no validated biomarkers that correlate with the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). The  CD24  and adenomatous polyposis coli ( APC ) genes are important in the malignant transformation of gastrointestinal cells. This study examined  APC  and  CD24  genetic polymorphisms and their possible impact on survival of patients with PDA.    Methods  Clinical and pathological data as well as blood samples for extracting DNA were obtained for 73 patients with PDA. Real-time PCR assessed genetic variants of  APC  (I1307K and E1317Q), and four different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the  CD24  gene: C170T (rs52812045), TG1527del (rs3838646), A1626G (rs1058881) and A1056G (rs1058818).    Results  The median age at diagnosis was 64 (41–90) years. Thirty-one patients (42.5%) were operable, 16 (22%) had locally advanced disease and 26 (35.5%) had disseminated metastatic cancer. The malignancy-related mortality rate was 84%. Median survival was 14 months (11.25–16.74). Survival was similar for wild-type (WT), heterozygous and homozygous variants of the  APC  or  CD24  genes. The three most frequent  CD24  SNP combinations were: heterozygote for A1626G and WT for the rest of the alleles (14% of patients), heterozygote for C170T, A1626G, A1056G and WT for the rest (14% of patients), and heterozygote for C170T, A1056G and WT for the rest (10% of patients). All patients were APC WT. The first two groups were significantly younger at diagnosis than the third group.    Conclusions  Specific polymorphisms in the  APC  and  CD24  genes may play a role in pancreatic cancer development. Correlation with survival requires a larger cohort.

CD24 and APC Genetic Polymorphisms in Pancreatic Cancers as Potential Biomarkers for Clinical Outcome