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Bacterial blight of rice is an important serious bacterial diseases of rice in many rice-growing regions, caused by  Xanthomonas oryzae  pv.  oryzae  ( Xoo ). The  thiG  gene from  Xoo  strain ZJ173, which is involved with thiazole moiety production in the thiamine biosynthesis pathway, is highly conserved among the members of  Xanthomonas . The  thiG  deletion mutant displayed impaired virulence and growth in thiamine-free medium but maintained its normal growth rate in the rice tissues, indicating that the  thiG  gene is involved in  Xoo  virulence. Compared to the wild type strain, the formation of cell-cell aggregates was affected in  thiG  deletion mutants. Although biofilm formation was promoted, motility and migration in rice leaves were repressed in the  thiG  mutants, and therefore limited the expansion of pathogen infection in rice. Quorum sensing and extracellular substance are two key factors that contribute to the formation of cell-cell aggregates. Our study found that in the  thiG  mutant the expression of two genes,  rpfC  and  rpfG , which form a two-component regulatory signal system involved in the regulation of biofilm formation by a second messenger cyclic di-GMP is down-regulated. In addition, our study showed that xanthan production was not affected but the expression of some genes associated with xanthan biosynthesis, like  gumD ,  gumE ,  gumH  and  gumM , were up-regulated in  thiG  mutants. Taken together, these findings are the first to demonstrate the role of the thiazole biosynthsis gene,  thiG , in virulence and the formation of aggregates in  Xanthomonas oryzae  pv.  oryzae .

The thiG Gene Is Required for Full Virulence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by Preventing Cell Aggregation