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A great challenge in wastewater bioremediation is the sustained activity of viable microorganisms, which can contribute to the breakdown of waste contaminants, especially in alkaline pH conditions. Identification of extremophiles with bioremediation capability can improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment. Here, we report the discovery of an electrochemically active alkaliphilic halotolerant bacterium,  Anditalea andensis  ANESC-S T  (=CICC10485 T =NCCB 100412 T ), which is capable of generating bioelectricity in alkaline–saline conditions.  A .  andensis  ANESC-S T  was shown to grow in alkaline conditions between pH 7.0–11.0 and also under high salt condition (up to 4 wt% NaCl). Electrical output was further demonstrated in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with an average current density of ~0.5 µA/cm 2 , even under the harsh condition of 4 wt% NaCl and pH 9.0. Subsequent introduction of secreted extracellular metabolites into MFCs inoculated with  Escherichia coli  or  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  yielded enhanced electrical output. The ability of  A .  andensis  ANESC-S T  to generate energy under alkaline–saline conditions points towards a solution for bioelectricity recovery from alkaline–saline wastewater. This is the first report of  A . andensis  ANESC-S T  producing bioelectricity at high salt concentration and pH.

Anditalea andensis ANESC-ST - An Alkaliphilic Halotolerant Bacterium Capable of Electricity Generation under Alkaline-Saline Conditions