English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Tandem duplications are an essential source of genetic novelty, and theirvariation in natural populations is expected to influence adaptive walks. Here,we describe evolutionary impacts of recently-derived, segregating tandemduplications in Drosophila yakuba and Drosophila simulans. We observe an excessof duplicated genes involved in defense against pathogens, insecticideresistance, chorion development, cuticular peptides, and lipases orendopeptidases associated with the accessory glands, suggesting thatduplications function in Red Queen dynamics and rapid evolution. We documentevidence of widespread selection on the D. simulans X, suggesting adaptationthrough duplication is common on the X. Despite the evidence for positiveselection, duplicates display an excess of low frequency variants consistentwith largely detrimental impacts, limiting the variation that can effectivelyfacilitate adaptation. Although we observe hundreds of gene duplications, weshow that segregating variation is insufficient to provide duplicate copies ofthe entire genome, and the number of duplications in the population spans13.4\% of major chromosome arms in D. yakuba and 9.7\% in D. simulans. Wholegene duplication rates are low at $1.17\times10^{-9}$ per gene per generationin D. yakuba and $6.03\times10^{-10}$ per gene per generation in D. simulans,suggesting long wait times for new mutations on the order of thousands of yearsfor the establishment of sweeps. Hence, in cases where adaption depends onindividual tandem duplications, evolution will be severely limited by mutation.We observe low levels of parallel recruitment of the same duplicated gene indifferent species, suggesting that the span of standing variation will defineevolutionary outcomes in spite of convergence across gene ontologies consistentwith rapidly evolving phenotypes.} }

Tandem duplications and the limits of natural selection in Drosophila yakuba and Drosophila simulans