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Chios mastic oil (CMO), the essential oil derived from  Pistacia lentiscus  (L.) var.  chia  (Duham), has generated considerable interest because of its antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant and other beneficial properties. In the present study, the potential genotoxic activity of CMO as well as its antigenotoxic properties against the mutagenic agent mitomycin-C (MMC) were evaluated by employing the  in vitro  Cytokinesis Block MicroNucleus (CBMN) assay and the  in vivo  Somatic Mutation And Recombination Test (SMART). In the  in vitro  experiments, lymphocytes were treated with 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10% (v/v) of CMO with or without 0.05  μ g/ml MMC, while in the  in vivo  assay  Drosophila  larvae were fed with 0.05, 0.10, 0.50 and 1.00% (v/v) of CMO with or without 2.50  μ g/ml MMC. CMO did not significantly increase the frequency of micronuclei (MN) or total wing spots, indicating lack of mutagenic or recombinogenic activity. However, the  in vitro  analysis suggested cytotoxic activity of CMO. The simultaneous administration of MMC with CMO did not alter considerably the frequencies of MMC-induced MN and wing spots showing that CMO doesn’t exert antigenotoxic or antirecombinogenic action. Therefore, CMO could be considered as a safe product in terms of genotoxic potential. Even though it could not afford any protection against DNA damage, at least under our experimental conditions, its cytotoxic potential could be of interest.

plos one

Genotoxic and Antigenotoxic Assessment of Chios Mastic Oil by the In Vitro Micronucleus Test on Human Lymphocytes and the In Vivo Wing Somatic Test on Drosophila