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FOXP1 is a member of FOXP subfamily transcription factors. Mutations in  FOXP1  gene have been found in various development-related cognitive disorders. However, little is known about the etiology of these symptoms, and specifically the function of  FOXP1  in neuronal development. Here, we report that suppression of  Foxp1  expression in mouse cerebral cortex led to a neuronal migration defect, which was rescued by overexpression of  Foxp1 . Mice with  Foxp1  knockdown exhibited ectopic neurons in deep layers of the cortex postnatally. The neuronal differentiation of  Foxp1 -downregulated cells was normal. However, morphological analysis showed that the neurons with  Foxp1  deficiency had an inhibited axonal growth  in vitro  and a weakened transition from multipolar to bipolar  in vivo . Moreover, we found that the expression of  Foxp1  modulated the dendritic maturation of neurons at a late postnatal date. Our results demonstrate critical roles of  Foxp1  in the radial migration and morphogenesis of cortical neurons during development. This study may shed light on the complex relationship between neuronal development and the related cognitive disorders.

Foxp1 Regulates Cortical Radial Migration and Neuronal Morphogenesis in Developing Cerebral Cortex