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Background  This study was undertaken in two Primary Health Centers (PHCs) of malaria endemic district Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh (Central India).    Methods  In this study we had investigated the relative frequencies of the different anopheline species collected within the study areas by using indoor resting catches, CDC light trap and human landing methods. Sibling species of malaria vectors were identified by cytogenetic and molecular techniques. The role of each vector and its sibling species in the transmission of the different  Plasmodium  species was ascertained by using sporozoite ELISA.    Results  A total of 52,857 specimens comprising of 17 anopheline species were collected by three different methods (39,964 by indoor resting collections, 1059 by human landing and 11,834 by CDC light trap).  Anopheles culicifacies  was most predominant species in all collections (55, 71 and 32% in indoor resting, human landing and light trap collections respectively) followed by  An .  subpictus  and  An .  annularis . All five sibling species of  An .  culicifacies  viz. species A, B, C, D and E were found while only species T and S of  An .  fluviatilis  were collected. The overall sporozoite rate in  An .  culicifacies  and  An .  fluviatilis  were 0.42% (0.25% for  P .  falciparum  and 0.17% for  P .  vivax ) and 0.90% (0.45% for  P .  falciparum  and 0.45% for  P .  vivax ) respectively.  An .  culicifacies  and  An .  fluviatilis  were found harbouring both  P .  vivax  variants VK-210 and VK-247, and  P .  falciparum .  An .  culicifacies  sibling species C and D were incriminated as vectors during most part of the year while sibling species T of  An .  fluviatilis  was identified as potential vector in monsoon and post monsoon season.    Conclusions    An .  culicifacies  species C (59%) was the most abundant species followed by  An .  culicifacies  D (24%), B (8.7%), E (6.7%) and A (1.5%). Among  An .  fluviatilis  sibling species, species T was common (99%) and only few specimens of S were found. Our study provides crucial information on the prevalence of  An .  culicifacies  and  An .  fluviatilis  sibling species and their potential in malaria transmission which will assist in developing strategic control measures against these vectors.

plos one

Relative Abundance and Plasmodium Infection Rates of Malaria Vectors in and around Jabalpur, a Malaria Endemic Region in Madhya Pradesh State, Central India